3 Important Skills Youll Acquire with Proposal Writing Training

3 Important Skills You'll Acquire with Proposal Writing Training Composing a proposition is one of the most significant procedures in business, and knowing the key components of an extraordinary proposition versus a decent or normal proposition can improve things significantly to your profession and to your business income. Here are some key components for a fruitful suggestion that you will talk about and practice all through yourproposal composing preparing: 1. AudienceThroughout your profession, you should compose proposition for an assortment of individuals. Each proposition should be centered in an unexpected way, contingent upon the crowd. With legitimate preparing, you will figure out how to recognize your crowd and your crowd's needs so you can appropriately address them in your proposal.Is a potential customer generally centered around spending plan, or the nature of your answer, or continuous help, or your industry experience? This issues profoundly. You should shape content so it coordinates every peruser's core interest. Remembering your crowd all through the creative cycle can be testing, and this proposition course will offer aptitudes and direction en route to ensure you are continually tending to your peruser appropriately.2. OrganizationYou definitely know what components your proposition needs, yet in what capacity would it be advisable for you to structure it? Our preparation will show you the best possible approach to c ompose and structure your proposition sensibly so each point expands on one another and the general contention is clear and convincing to the reader.A exceptionally regular mistake is beginning a proposition with a prologue to your organization and why you are fit to comprehend this current crowd's needs. That never works. Try not to open a proposition with data about your organization or administration. Rather, center around the customer's need and issue. This affirms to your potential customer that you comprehend their business and their need.3. ToneMastering the tone of your proposition is vital to ensuring your report is handily comprehended by your crowd. On the off chance that you are introducing a proposition to a monetary firm, for instance, your tone should be cautious and definite. If you somehow managed to utilize tone that is excessively easygoing to this money related firm, you won't win the business. Then again, if your proposition is to a vanguard promoting firm, you would not need tone to be excessively formal. This preparation will show you how to adjust your tone contingent upon your crowd so you will consistently seem to be skillful and convincing without befuddling or off-putting your peruser. Furthermore, you'll figure out how to evade industry language and language swell. We comprehend that composing is a consistent procedure of learning and rehearsing. That is the reason we offer a lot of chances to work on composing recommendations all through the course. You submit gradual activities, that work to a last proposition. Also, you will get help and input from your educator all through the creative cycle. A composing mentor audits your last proposition with you, live by means of WebEx. Before the finish of the course you will have the devices and aptitudes you have to boost your prosperity with regards to composing proposition. Study proposition composing preparing.

Determinants of Earnings

Determinants of Earnings Improving someone’s accomplishment in the work advertise is a principle goal of both family and strategy creators, particularly those with low gaining lately. In the great perspective on work acquiring, we expect that the abilities of people are the prevailing element to decide the earnings’ level. In any case, the ongoing year study shows numerous components have been gauged more than before.To outline this new circumstance, it accepts that individuals’ achievements in labor showcase are very separated from one’s family foundation support, abilities to add to creation or administration, hereditary qualities, the training level, and the working involvement with the work advertise. In particular, the low acquiring individuals’ circumstance can be well-enticing confirmation for it. An individual may hold different profit simultaneously, for example, the enthusiasm of sparing, stock, store of profit pay and property of land of individual.The created work showcase economy coordinates that an individual’s gaining is equivalent to the quantity of creation factors sold by the individual occasions the cost of different components. Individual pay is equivalent to advertise salary and move installment. A larger part of market pay originates from wages and pay rates. Not many of market pay originate from property rights. The exchange installment of the administration is essentially for those old men’s government disability. In standard of acquiring condition for people of a similar race and sex in Canada, between 66% and four fifth of the difference of the characteristic logarithm of wages or of yearly procuring is unexplained by the above factors. † This announcement is said by Bowles (2001). A couple of the change is contributed by the precarious factor of profit and reaction blunder. For instance, from the more itemized Employers’ Manpower and Skills Practices Survey of 1693 British businesses announced in Green, Machin and Wilkenson (1998).Of the to some degree in excess of 33% of the foundations detailing the â€Å"skill shortage†, faculty chiefs distinguished the enlistment issue as â€Å"lack of specialized skills† in 43 percent of the cases. In any case, â€Å"poor mentality, inspiration, or personality† in an exceptional 62 percent of the cases. Poor disposition was by a long shot the most significant purpose behind the enrollment trouble given. The significance of inspiration comparative with specialized ability was significantly more noteworthy among the full example. Such a model, be that as it may, is promptly given, even inside a completely serious framework.If disequilibrium rents emerging from innovative or different stuns are relentless and if work administrations are not dependent upon enforceable agreements, individual conduct attributes random to beneficial limits may bear a positive cost. For instance, parts of an individu al’s character, for example, capitulation to the inevitable or anxiety may decrease the probability of catching disequilibrium leases and hose the employee’s reaction to normal business systems planned for inspiring significant levels of work effort.Furthermore, the social qualities that added to high pay in certain works may have the negative impacts. For example, a person who lean toward not to subordinate himself to others will be profoundly fruitful in certain works, yet degraded disappointments in others. â€Å"Understanding why singular qualities that are not aptitudes might be compensated in a serious work market may improve the illustrative force and approach pertinence of the human capital model by revealing some insight into how tutoring and other human ventures raise singular profit. † Bowles referenced in 2001.

How does our design fit in with the design challenge Essay

How does our plan fit in with the structure challenge - Essay Example The structure permits the pedals to modify their power in like manner, with the end goal that when the user’s quality chose the level of help originating from the pedals. As the client applies more force, the pedals give less help with reaction to the extra vitality. In that succession, the client can utilize less power as they cycle tough and downhill, therefore guaranteeing steady and less dull development. Another advancement in the plan of the electric bike is the flywheel. The flywheel on the bike works on electric force produced from a battery pack. As noted before, individuals have less capacity to cycle in mature age. The electronically fueled wheel can turn persistently, empowering the bike to continue moving in any event, when the bike moves at extensively low speeds. The wheel’s configuration may help individuals in their mature age to keep up versatility in cases where they would somehow or another utilization more vitality to keep the bike portable. These two highlights give due strengthening and inspiration to the old, empowering them to utilize less vitality as they cycle during mature age, along these lines fulfilling the necessities of the structure

Measuring Quality Of Service Delivery In Adult Social Care - Free Essay Example

Putting People First: Measuring quality of service delivery in adult social care Introduction Recent demographic indicators reveal that over the next decade the effect of ageing on the UK adult population will result in a 20%increase in those of 65 and a 60% increase in â€Å"the over 85 year-olds† by 2027 (DoH 2007a, p.1). This trend, together with the increase in the numbers of the population suffering from medical and health issues, including dementia and disability, presents a challenge to the provision of adult social care, in terms of both funding and the need to deliver appropriate services designed to provide this segment of the population with â€Å"equality of citizenship† (ibid). As a response to the changing demography, in 2006, the Department of Health (hereinafter DoH) produced a white paper outlining a new direction for the provision of adult social care services within the community, which indicated the need for a fundamental change from previously existing policies and procedures (DoH 2006). Subsequent DoH (2007a, 2007b and 2009) publications have served to provide guidance on how it was anticipated these change would transition into the practical environment. The central theme of this new direction was based upon a personalised agenda, with users and their carers being given more control and choice over the care services they required and the format in which they wished these services to be provided. In other words, the objective was for adult social care services to be provided based upon a person-centred approach rather than the internal social care services decision-driven model (Department of Health 2007b). As with all new fundamental and structural changes of this nature, a key element of the ‘personalisation agenda is to ensure that the quality of service delivery matches the health and social needs of the local community. It is this aspect of the new adult social care than forms the basis for this paper. Following a brief overview of the objectives and requirements of the ‘personalisation agenda, the paper will outline the measurement hat are required to be put in place to ensure the delivery of the requisite quality service to the end user and their carer (Mullins 2006). The ‘Personalisation agenda The basic premise of the ‘personalisation agenda programme and its aim of moving control of adult social care services to a user/carer-centred model. In other words, instead of professionals within the social services making the decision in relation to the support services required, and how this would be provided, under the new systems, these issues will be determined by the individual user. Therefore, with the aid of the social services team as and when required, the purpose of ‘personalisation was to deliver four main objectives, which are outlined as follows: Budgetary control The user/carer will have the opportunity to design and create their own budget to cover their health and care needs. Based upon this budget, an allocation of funds will be provided over which the user/carer will retain control Choice of support requirement spending Within the context of the budget and resources that has been designed by the user/carer, they will retain the choice of what support services they require and how the budget will be allocated across these services Choice of service providers Rather than social services deciding the service provider, that choice will now be in the control of the user/carer. In this respect, the user/carer can decide whether the support services they require should be delivered at their home, at an external location, such as a care home or respite centre and, ultimately, whether the provider of these services should be the local social care service or an external private organisation. Appropriate and timely access to support Instead of having the delivery of their health and social care services determined by the professionals within the health care sector, the personalised approach gives the user/carer the right to choose the time of these services, for example, at night or during the day. To ensure that these objectives could be met, with a target data for their full implementation being set at April 2011 (ADASS 2009), were tasked with introducing a system based upon the following changes: Integrated working with the NHS Commissioning Strategies, which maximise choice and control whilst balancing investment in prevention and early intervention Universal information and advice services for all citizens Proportionate social care assessments processes Person centred planning and self-directed support to become mainstream activities with personal budgets which maximise choice and control Mechanisms to involve family members and other carers A framework which ensures people can exercise choice and control with advocacy and brokerage linked to the building of user-led organisations Appropriate safeguarding arrangements Effective quality assurance and benchmarking arrangements To deliver these changes successfully within the target time scales set, this process has required local social services departments to take steps to redesign the manner in which their organisation were operating as outlined within the following section of this report. 3 Re-designing the provision of adult social care For the adult social care departments of local authorities, main areas of change required to develop a user/carer-centred approach to service provision, the most important factors that needed to be addressed were concentrated upon three main areas. These can be defined as follows: Ensuring the resources are available to assisting the user with the creation of their own care assessment needs and budget Ensuring the facilitators of that choice were available and making sure that the required quality of service is delivered, and Providing and communicating information in a manner that enables the user to make an informed choice Consequently, there was a need to focus upon introducing improvements to three key operational elements: 3.1. Human resource capabilities It will be apparent that some user/carers may require assistance with the process of conducting a personal assessment of their ongoing health and social care needs and designing the budget required to ensu re that these needs are capable of being met. For this purpose therefore, it has been important for the local authority to provide users with access to employees with the required level of skills and capabilities to assist the user/carer with this process. In many cases, the requisite skills and competences required to achieve this transformation of services might not have existed within the roles of existing frontline service team members. Therefore, it has been important to introduce training programmes designed to assist the workforce to adapt to the new roles. 3.2. Physical internal and external resources As user/carers now have the choice of how, where and who they wish to provide their service needs, it has been important to realign existing internal existing and external physical and, in some cases human, resources to provide the appropriate range of choice. In basic terms, this choice can be divided into two main categories, these being whether the user/carer req uires the service to be delivered in the home or at an external location and having the choice as to whether the service is delivered by the public or private sector. Home or external delivery of service Within this context of choice, the main area of change has occurred where user/carers have wished their service requirements to be delivered in their own home. To facilitate this choice, adult care services have needed to ensure two requirements are met. Firstly, there has been a need to ensure that there is a sufficiency of employees experienced in the delivery of home based care services to users/carers, which in some cases has again meant retraining existing members of the workforce to ensure their ability to transition from working in a controlled environment to one where self-control is the main requirement. Secondly, it has meant that the adult social care service has an adequacy of physical and portable equipment required to facilitate home based service provision . Public or private service provider Concerning the choice of provider, it was incumbent upon the adult social care services to achieve two objectives. Firstly, there was a need to develop relationships with a sufficient number of external private care providers to enable sufficiency of choice for the user/carer. Secondly, as part of their remit to providing the appropriate type and quality of care, the department also needed to be assured that the quality of service available from the external private provider complied with the standards and quality of care as set down within the government and DoH requirements. Private health and social care providers in this context can refer to agencies and individuals who are trained in the provision of individual care services as well as the external organisations that are operate nursing, care home and other health care facilities. 3.3. Communication process The final change required, and perhaps in many ways equally importan t as those discussed previously, has been the need to introduce a robust process of bi-direction communication between all the stakeholders, which includes the adult social care management teams, employees, external service providers, both public and private and, of course, the service user/carer. In order to make an informed choice it is critical that the user/carer has access to data and information related to all the available options open to them. For example, in the case of private care homes, this would include details of the accommodation amenities, the type of care services available from the provider, and overview of their quality standards and the price of the service being provided. In other words, there is a need to create a knowledge based organisation (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). In practice therefore, the communication process within the adult care service environment in accordance with the following diagram (figure 1). 4. Measuring quality service delivery 4.1. The rationale for measuring quality service Major Service delivery transformation of the nature being discussed within this report requires change and, as Turner (2009, p.1) rightly confirms, â€Å"Change: and the need to manage change through projects, touches all our lives, in working and social environments.† This has certainly been the case in designing a process that requires the adoption of a user/carer-centred approach to adult social care. Similarly, as with all changes of this nature, not all aspects of the process can be completed at the same time, in other words it needs to be introduced in stages (Allan 2004, Cameron and Green 2004, Blake and Bush 2009 and Turner 2009). For example, providing carers with information related to private provider service choice cannot occur unless or until these providers have been contacted and a relationship built with them to facilitate their willingness and appropriateness to be included in the process. Lewin (Wirt h 2004) in developing what he terms as the ‘freeze model suggests that stages required to complete this change are three in number: Motivation of need for change (Frozen) Design and implementing the change (Unfrozen and moving to a new state) Making the change permanent (Refreezing) Source: Wirth (2004) Of equally critical importance having identified that structure that needs to be put in place to effect the change/transformation to the ‘personalised agenda requirements for the organisation, is to ensure that each aspect of this process is managed in an efficient and effective manner in order to deliver the quality of service that meets the user./carer needs. It is equally important to continue to measure the quality of service delivered on an ongoing basis. The ADASS (2009) have suggested that the transformation to the new service structure should be based upon the extent to which the local adult social service department has achieved the following five key priorities: That the transformation of adult social care has been developed in partnership with existing service users (both public and private), their careers and other citizens who are interested in these services. That a process is in place to ensure that all those eligible for council funded adult social care support will receive a personal budget via a suitable assessment process. That partners are investing in cost effective preventative interventions, which reduce the demand for social care and health services. That citizens have access to information and advice regarding how to identify and access options available in their communities to meet their care and support needs. That service users are experiencing a broadening of choice and improvement in quality of care and support service supply, built upon involvement of key stakeholders (Councils, Primary Care Trusts, service users, providers, 3rd sector organisations etc), that can meet the aspirat ions of all local people (whether council or self-funded) wanting to procure social care services. Source: ADASS (2009) Consequently, it is clear that as an integral part of delivering these priorities, the local adult social services department to have implemented a number of performance assessment and measurement models are discussed in the following section of this report. 4.2. Measurement models for quality service delivery For measuring the effectiveness of quality service delivery within the context of any organisation, there are a number of management and measurement models that can be used. The objective of some of these, as Turner (2009, p.357) comments is to analyse and assess the performance of the changes that are taking place, such as the transformation of adult social care being discussed in this report. However, in addition to these measurement models, there are others that are designed to measure service quality for specific elements and stakeholders within the change process and post change performance. Taking the above issues into account, the focus of this discussion is aimed at measurements to be used during the course of the adult social service transformation, the effectiveness of individual employees and external providers provision of quality services and the measurements used to assess the satisfaction levels of the user/carer. This triangular approach is designed to achieve the following objectives for the adult social services department: Monitoring quality service delivery against timelines and milestones set Enabling department to comply within regulatory agendas Ensuring required skills and competences of work force and external providers Monitoring development of appropriate team based relationships Measuring extent to which services provided meet with user/carer needs In all of these areas, the measurement models being used are designed to be part of a continuing process of ensuring the s ervice delivery remains at the highest level of quality (Mullins 2010). 4.2.2. Project and post-project performance In the view of the author of this report, in order to evaluate the change and improvement to the quality of service during both its implementation and execution stages, it is considered that the measurement model based upon the KPI and Balanced Scorecard approach which was developed by Kaplan et al (2006) is the most appropriate for use. This is especially true within the implementation stages of the change process. The reason for this is that it provides regular opportunities for reassessment and the rapid introduction of measures to address issues that might have arisen (Johnson and Clark 2008). Moreover, within the context of the ‘personalised agenda approach, it has the added benefit of being able to combine the financial as well as the non-financial outcomes. In this respect therefore, when used in the adult social services this model not only en ables an assessment of the service quality being delivered but will also help to ascertain whether the user/carer is being provided with value for money. The design and benefits of this measurement model can best be explained from the following diagram, which clearly shows the objective of the Balance Scorecard is to assess and evaluate the performance of quality service delivery from four main perspectives. There are to provide a process for learning and growth, to provide guidance for the management of the organisation, ensuring satisfaction of user/carer needs and, as a result to achieve the financial objectives (Kaplan et al 2006). In terms of improvement to the service quality, are clearing identified within the appraisal of the KPIs (figure 3), in that it provides learning for the organisation, which leads to better decision making and continues the process of improved service quality delivery. Source: API (2010) https://www.ap-institute.com/kpi_fig3.htm 4.2.3 . Employee performance appraisal Skills and competences of employees, whether part of the internal social services workforce or engaged by an external provider, are another key an essential area of service quality delivery that needs to be constantly kept under review (Leat 2001 and Armstrong 2006). The extent to which an employee is able to perform their duties in a manner that satisfies the user/carer, will have a significant impact upon the latters level of satisfaction. Consequently, it is important for managers to work with the employees to ensure that they are both acquiring the skills needed to perform their roles and motivated to undertake these duties in a manner that seeks to achieve excellence. The most appropriate model in this instance is the use an individual employee ‘performance appraisal system. This model is based upon interactive communication and discussion process that takes place between the employer/manager and the employee (Leat 2001). The fi rst stage is for both parties to complete a previously designed ‘performance appraisal form, which can be similar to the example that is provided in appendix 1 and attached to this report. The purpose of both parties completing this document is so that the level and standard of the employees performance is provided from both perspectives. This provides the opportunity for the employer to gain an insight into where the employee feels they are excelling and/or consider that further assistance from the organisation, perhaps in the form of additional training, may be considered helpful. Following completion of the appraisal form, the employee will then deliver a copy of this to his/her employer for consideration. It is preferable at this stage to ensure that a meeting has been arranged at which both employee and employer will be able to discuss freely the results of the appraisal (Armstrong 2006). It should be deliberately designed for this appraisal process to take the f orm of a two-way conversation or discussion. From an employers viewpoint, this will provide them with the opportunity to provide the additional assistance that the employee perceives to be missing from their development, and discuss those areas where the employer considers improvements are required. For the employee, this process is likely to lead to them feeling more involvement with the organisation and therefore more motivated to produce the best service performance they can (Leat 2001). Further, to enhance the levels of employee involvement and motivation, which as Armstrong (2006) argues, is key to gaining the best quality of service from the workforce, it is important that the adult social services department introduces a system of employee discussion groups. During these sessions, all employees should be encouraged to participate and share their views and opinions on the effectiveness of the processes that is intended to improve service quality for the user/carer. Of ten, these discussion sessions will lead to the innovative ideas being suggested which, although not previously considered, could produce benefit for the process, as well as improving employees level of involvement with the organisation. 4.2.4. User and carer service quality satisfaction Academics and researchers, especially those who are intimately involved with the social and health care sectors, have sought to provide a number of tools aimed at improving the quality of service delivered to the user/carer. Two of these models, which have recently been assessed, are the SPRU and ASCOT models (SCIE 2010), the objective of both being to find ‘excellence in adult care services.† The SPRU (Social Policy Research Unit) model (SCIE 2010, p.4) The focus of the SPRU is based upon the conducting post-service delivery assessments and evaluation which, in other words means that this models, through some format, measures the extent to which the service quality has p rovide the required service and needs priority for the user/carer. It is a model that is often relied upon for inspection and compliance purposes, such as when the Quality Care Commission conducts an inspection of a private care home (Francis 2009). The ASCOT (Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit) model The ASCOT model of performance measurement is very similar to the SPRU model, with the difference being that in this case there are a more defined number of specific issues that the research in question is endeavouring to use for their assessment of the quality of the service being delivered to or experienced by the user/carer, as outlined below: Accommodation, cleanliness and comfort – The person using the service feels their home environment, including all the rooms, is clean and comfortable. Control over daily life – The person using the service can choose what to do and when to do it, having control over their daily life and activities. Dignity â⠂¬â€œ The negative and positive psychological impact of support and care on the personal sense of significance of the person using the service. Food and nutrition – The person using the service feels they have a nutritious, varied and culturally appropriate diet with enough food and drink they enjoy at regular and timely intervals. Occupation – The person using the service is sufficiently occupied in a range of meaningful activities whether it be formal employment, unpaid work, caring for others or leisure activities. Personal cleanliness and comfort – The person using the service feels they are personally clean and comfortable and look presentable or, at best, are dressed and groomed in a way that reflects their personal preferences. Safety – The person using the service feels safe and secure. This means being free from fear of abuse, falling or other physical harm and fear of being attacked or robbed. Social participation and involvem ent – The person using the service is content with their social situation, where social situation is taken to mean the sustenance of meaningful relationships with friends, family and feeling involved or part of a community should this be important to them Source: SCIE (2010, p.5) What both of these models have in common is that they are based upon the recognised processes of quantitative primary research, which is commonly used by academics for a wide range of investigations (Johnson and Durberley 2000, Easterby-Smith et al 2004 and Gill and Johnson 2010). With the overall objective of ‘personalised agenda being to deliver a quality of service that meets the user/cares needs and requirement, it follows that the only way that this quality can truly be measured is by gathering information from the source that is intimately connected with, and experiencing, the service being provided, this being the end users. Consequently, it is important for the adult social c are department to introduce a continuing process of measures designed to accumulate feedback from the user/carer, which should include: Regular conduct of a survey questionnaire aimed at gaining user/carer feedback and comments on all aspects of the services delivery process that they have decided to be included within their care management plan Regular individual one-to-one meetings with user/carers to allow for more comprehensive bi-directional discussion related to their experience of the service quality provided Of course, the most important part of this process is for the organisation to ensure that where issues or concerns are raised by the user/carer, These are referred to the relevant stakeholder group or person within the organisation so that they can be appropriately be addressed. Additionally, regular contact should be maintained with the user/carer, to advise them of the outcome of any measures taken to improve the quality of the service delivered. 5. Conclusion There is no doubt that the transformation of adult social care has not only signalled one of the most comprehensive reforms of quality service delivery to the user/carer in many decades, but also one of the most complex in terms of its introduction and successful implementation (DoH 2009). Consequently, ensuring that the quality of the services being delivered are maintained during and post this implementation has required the introduction of a number of measures designed specifically to ensure that that this remains the case. As indicated within this report, those measures, the central part of which is to evaluate and examine the user/carers perception of service quality is being met, need to be applied to all stakeholder groups, including those internal to adult social services and the external services providers whose services are also utilised. It is considered that the measurement and managed tools discussed within this report provide the best models for this purpose. Bibliography ADASS (2009), Transforming Adult Social Care Services, Available from: https://www.idea.gov.uk/idk/aio/13603402 [Accessed 10 December 2010] Allan, Barbara (2004). Project Management: tools and techniques for todays ILS professional. London: Facet Publishing Armstrong, Michael (2006). Performance Management: Key Strategies and Practical Guidelines. 3rd Rev. ed. London: Koran Page Ltd Blake, I and Bush, C (2009). Project Managing Change: Practical Tools and Techniques to Make Change Happen, Harlow: Harlow: Pearson Education Cameron, Ester and Green, Mike (2004). Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models, Tools and Techniques of Organisational Change, London: Kogan Page Ltd DoH (2006), Our health, our care, our say: Available from: http:[email  protected]/* */[email  protected]/* *//documents/digitalasset/dh_4127637.pdf [Accessed 10 December 2011] DoH (2007a), Putting People First, Available from: https://www.cpa.org.uk/cpa/putting_peo ple_first.pdf [Accessed 9 December 2011] DoH (2007b), Commissioning Framework for Health Wellbeing, Available from: https://www.pfc.org.uk/files/NHSConfed_CommissioningConsult27.pdf [Accessed 9 December 2011] DoH (2009), Valuing People, Last Accessed 9 May 2010 at: https://www.cpa.org.uk/cpa/putting_people_first.pdf Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R, Lowe, A (2004) Management Research: An Introduction, 3rd Edition, London: Sage Publications Francis, J. (2009) SCIEs Approach to Economic Evaluation in Social Care. London: Social Care Institute for Excellence, forthcoming Gill, J and Johnson, P (2010) Research Methods for Managers, 4th Edition, London: Sage Publications Johnson, P and Duberley, J (2000) Understanding Management Research: An Introduction to Epistemology, 3rd Edition, London: Sage Publications Johnston, R. Clark, G. (2008), Service Operations Management, 3rd ed., Harlow: FT Prentice Hall Kaplan Robert. S and Norton, David P (2006). Alignment: How t o apply the balanced scorecard to corporate strategy. Boston: Harvard Business Press Leat, Mike (2001). Exploring Employee Relations. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann Mullins, L.J. (2010) Management and Organisational Behaviour, 9th Ed. Harlow: Pearson Education Nonaka, I and Takeuchi, H (1995) The Knowledge Creating Company, Oxford: Oxford University Press SCIE (2010), Finding excellence in adult care services, Available from: https://www.scie.org.uk/publications/misc/definitionsofexcellence/files/definitionofexcellenceapproaches.pdf [Accessed 11 December 2011] SPRU Outcomes in Community Care Practice Series (1996 – 2001) York: University of York, Social Policy Research Unit https://www.york.ac.uk/inst/spru/pubs/occp.htm Turner, J.R (2009), The Handbook of Project Based Management, New York: McGraw-Hill Wirth (2004), Lewin/Scheins Change Theory, Available from: https://www.entarga.com/orgchange/lewinschein.pdf [Accessed 10 January 2011] Woodward CA (19 88) Questionnaire construction and question writing, Medical Education, Vol.22, Issue.4, pp.345-363

The Apartheid Era Of 1948 - 1682 Words

Throughout the apartheid era of 1948 to 1994 under the governance of the National Party, the rights and mobility of the majority of Indigenous South Africans were curtailed while white minority rule was maintained. In the years leading up to Apartheid, Prime Minister Jan Smuts (from 1939-1948 before the apartheid era), initially advocated for racial segregation and the disenfranchisement of black Africans. In 1945, he stated that there needed to be a, â€Å"fixed policy to maintain white supremacy in South Africa, [to maintain]†¦ white civilisation and [keep the] white race pure†. This motivated a discriminatory attitude towards non-Afrikaners that manifested itself into South African law under the â€Å"Colour Bar† bill, which prevented non-whites from competing for certain employment opportunities monopolized by whites. The National Party, led by David Malan, which defeated Smuts in the 1948 election set the country on an even more white supremacist and racist pa th as South Africa became an Apartheid State. In the later years of his Prime ministership, Smuts’ ideas became more moderate, and thus, had less appeal to the growing nationalist Afrikaner views of the majority of white South Africans. Malan’s more radical views, influenced by the Dutch Reformed Church, played on fear of being overwhelmed in a â€Å"black tide† from the weakening of the Colour Bar in the booming wartime economy. The National Party justified the Apartheid laws by claiming to remove sources of friction betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Apartheid Of South Africa1333 Words   |  6 Pages The contemporary South Africa is now in race with every state in every field. Before 1994 South Africa was completely under control of Apartheid. WHO IS APARTHEID? According to the dictionary of oxford: Apartheid was a system or policy in South Africa which is for segregation or discrimination on grounds of race. PRE-APAERTHEID ERA or THE ORIGINS OF APARTHEID South Africa was populated by the Dutch and English in the 17th century. Due to their language Dutch were known as Afrikaners or the BoersRead MoreApartheid and Post-Apartheid South Africa1356 Words   |  6 PagesSeventeen years have passed and the Apartheid era has ended, but the legacy it has left behind has caused South Africa’s rehabilitation and self-determination to be an obstructed undertaking. Unaddressed security problems of belligerent crimes and HIV/AIDS are a direct cause of the failure to manage the aforementioned legacy (Vercillo n.p.). Back in 1947, the growing desegregation which was caused by the liberation of India and Pakistan, helped spread the evidential racial equality. 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Apartheid was first introduced in the 1948 election that the Afrikaner National Party won. The plan was to take the already existing segregation and expand it (Wright, 60). Apartheid was a system that segregated South Africa’s populationRead MoreDisgrace Of South Afric A Middle Aged White Man Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesIt all began in 1948 when an all-white government called the National Party gained power in South Africa. It was the birth of apartheid — a political and economic separation of people (Kedari 2013). The National Party institutionalized racial discrimination for nearly fifty years. Under President Nelson Mandela, apartheid was brought to an end by the African National Congress in 1994. In the novel Disgrace, author J.M. Coetzee focuses on the early moments in the disempowerment of South Africa’sRead MoreInternational Responses Of The Apartheid1195 Words   |  5 P agesnational election in 1948 on a platform of segregation and racism under the slogan ‘Apartheid’. To a greater a extent, during the 1980s, the apartheid government came under increasing international pressure to end apartheid. There was no difference between apartheid and the policy of segregation of South Africa which existed before the National Party came into power in 1948. The fact that South Africa made apartheid part of the law of the country was the only difference. Although apartheid was seen as worseRead MoreAfrikaners Establishment of Apartheid in 1948 Essay1123 Words   |  5 PagesAfrikaners Establishment of Apartheid in 1948 During the seventeenth century South Africa was colonized by English and Dutch, the decedents of the Dutch settlers became known as as Boers who were determined to live by their own rules and not to be controlled by anyone else, they wanted economical end geographical control, but most of all the wanted to be segregated from all non-whites, the wanted Apartheid: Afrikaans: apartness, a policy that governed relations betweenRead MoreThe South African Apartheid and Music623 Words   |  3 Pagesapartheid was one of the wirced eras that faced southafrica since the 1940s till 1990s. back then, everything was split, and it tore everything apart, families. races, and everything elce you can think of. however, one of the things that drove the apartheid government away was music. Music reminded people that they should unite with each other again instead of splitting apart. Francois Malan was the person that started the apartheid group. he was elected in 1948. after he was elected, , heRead MoreThe Social Political, Economic And Cultural Impact Of The Nationalist Apartheid Legislation Essay2174 Words   |  9 PagesThe apartheid policy describes the system of racial discrimination and white political domination adopted by the South African National Party after its rise to power. This essay will critically examine the historical significance of the Nationalist Party’s influence during its governance from 1948 to 1994. Additionally, this paper will analyse the social, political, economic and cultural impact of the Nationalist apartheid legislation. Furthermore, it will examine several major resistance campaignsRead MoreThe Roots of Apartheid: South Africa’s Colonial Experience Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesIn recent years, there have been efforts to understand the institution of apartheid in South Africa. From the Truth and Reconciliati on Commission, to general study into the history of South Africa, much scholarship has been devoted to the study of the effects of apartheid and the atrocities committed in the post-World War II period. However, one topic remains largely un-researched—the origins of the vast apartheid structure instituted by the Herenigde (Reunited) National Party (HNP) in the late 1940’s

Petroleum Company In Developing Countries - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Petroleum Company In Developing Countries. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this task is to provide a brief overview about the public relations maintained by the company Shell petroleum in Malaysia. In todays economy, it is very important for an organization to initiate their public relation activities so as to maintain their brand image in the target market. Public relations refer to the practice of maintaining the spread of adequate information in the target market about the organization. This process includes exposing the activities of the organization in the external market and circulating the information according to the public interest. The process of public relation is totally different from advertising in the marketing communication segment as in the process of public relation the organization aims to gain the interest of clients by maintaining relations with clients and keeping them satisfied for free whereas in case of advertisement or marketing the organization spend money to target the audience in the market (Shell 2018). Further the basic aim of the public relation activity is to inform the audience, prospective people about the decisions of the company and their business activities in order to gain their interest. These activities in the market are managed for free. In order manage public relations; companies create a different department which only focuses on the market and relation of stakeholders with the activities of the company. Also the PR department further focuses on different sectors like, financial public relations, employee product relation, product public relation etc. The financial PR focuses on maintaining relations with the stakeholders and the clients, the employee PR takes care of the employees and the employment process of the organization and the product PR focuses on the products and its release in the target market (Santiago 2017). The below mentioned task provides details about the company Shell Petroleum, role of its PR practitioner and challenges faced by them. Further it also discusses about the PR activities initiated by the company, medium of communication and image maintained in the market. More details about the task are discussed below: Background of Shell Petrol Company Shell Oil Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell an oil producing company. Royal Dutch Shell is a multinational company which is a part of largest oil producing companies worldwide. The Shell Oil Company is based in United States and is headquartered in Texas. The company is a global group of energy and petrochemical companies with a group of around 94000 employees in more than 70 countries worldwide. Shell uses advanced technology to maintain sustainable energy in the environment for the near future. In Malaysia, Shell has been supporting the country for fueling the progress of the country over 125 years. The journey of the company the nation is intertwined as Shell plays the role of supporting the country and assisting the sustainable activities in the environment and Malaysia plays the role of helping the company to progress in their industry (Shell 2018). The business of the company has progressed modest kerosene venture to an alliance of companies engaged in p roducing all types of modern gas and oil in the industry. The company in todays world has maintained a strong multi-faceted image in the country by the way of long term investments, innovative and sharing and impacting the local communities as well. The company is currently acting as a market leader by owning total 25000 gas stations in US. Further it shall be noted that the company is most visible public presence and it provides diesel fuel, LPG and gasoline at its gas stations (Shell 2018). Furthermore talking about the strategy of the company, it shall be noted that Shell aims to seek reinforce their position as a leader in the gas and oil industry. Apart from that they also aim to satisfy the demand of the customers present in the target market. Safety of the members and environmental and social health is another objective of the company currently prevailing in the market (Fischer 2017). The purpose of Shell is to remain an important part of the global energy suppliers worldwide; the company believes that it is their role to deliver energy in the environment which is profitable to them along with the environment and society. Apart from that, talking about the departments of the company it shall be noted that Shell aims to work closely with their employees, partners, and stakeholders etc. to bring more sufficient and positive outcome for the people worldwide (Shell 2018). The employees work together to produce output for the customers by using innovative technology in their internal process. The diversified workforces of the company continuously aim to increase the output for the people so that the world can collectively aim for environmental success. As the oil and gas extraction activities bring negative impact to the environment so the employees research for solutions to provide products to the customer in such a way without harming the nature. The people of the company are managed with the leadership programmes which increase the efficiency of the people and bring their talent out as well (Chong, et. al., 2015). Further in Malaysia, Shell has a strong retail network which helps the Malaysian motorists to succeed in their life. The company is in a win-win situation by working in Malaysia as they get to earn brand name ad recognition in the market and the country earns fuel along with other various services in the market. Role of PR practitioner With the help of pubic relation practices initiated in the company, they grew and embraced their performance worldwide. These practices immensely helped the company to grow and initiate the sales of their product in the market. Thus it shall be noted that PR officers of the company helped them to improve their image in target market and increase their sales as well. Further the role and activities which the public relation officers implemented in the organization are discussed below: Community involvement: If an organization is only involved in initiating their business and is not involving the community in their business activities, then the customer will not take interest to purchase the products and services of the company. So, the public relation practitioners of the company involved the community in their day to day activities and informed them about the activities which the company initiates to extract the product from the environment and how they deliver it to them (van Vliet, and Male 2017). Being present in an oil and gas industry it is very difficult for an organization to maintain a good image in the eyes of the customers. So the company Shell has created an adequate image by managing their corporate social activities with the help PR officers and informing the public about their rights and duties as well. In this way people started taking interest in the activities of the company which gradually turned on the sales of Shell as well (Oil Gas Journal 2 017). Media and public liaison: maintaining relationship with media and the stakeholders of the company is also an important part of the job of the PR practitioner of the company. Interacting with the media is the most important part of the process of public relation as it helps the organization in maintaining their image in the market. Suppose if the company does not maintain good relation with the media then the media will portray negative image of the company in the eyes of prospective customers. The PR officers of Shell adequately understand the importance of maintain relation with media, with respect to that they arrange interviews and circulate information about the new plans of the company in the market. They also write press release so as to make media interested in the activities of the company (Ite, et. al., 2013). Furthermore talking about maintaining relation with the public of the company, the PR officers understand the crucial which they perform in the environment. So, the officers understand the importance of respecting the public and initiating activities according to their interest only. The organization adequately maintain the corporate social responsibilities and convey it people in the environment as well. Handling emergencies: many times in going concern process the organization faces problems which hamper their regular day to day activities. This activity also ruins the well maintained public image of the company as well. So, it is the role of the PR practitioner to deal with atrocities in such a way that it does struck or block the activities of the company. As explained above, being present in an oil and gas industry, the company is more prone to threat relating to the catastrophic oil spill etc. this might occur as a disastrous event. So, the PR team of the company manages all such activities in the external environment (Andrews 2015). Communication and consultation: Further communication is regarded as one of the most important role of the PR officers as they initiate communication in the organization. The PR team of the company circulates all the necessary information in the internal and external environment of the organization. They also seek the issues which are affecting the growth of the company. They maintain relationship with the employees of the company and aim to solve their issues as well. Further all the consultation services are provided by the PR team in the organization as well (Adoga, and Valverde 2014). Challenges faced by organization Legal Issues: The Company Shell was fined with $291,000 from 2006 to 2010 because they were violating the law of Clean Air Act. The company became the second most fined company in Pacific Northwest in the year 2011. Before that in the year 2008, a lawsuit was filed against Shell stating that the company violates the Clean Air Act. The organization is among one of the largest producers of oil and gas in the industry due to which many times the company faced difficulty in managing their legal matters. Further the company also polluted the air with their activities in the market due to which the organization faced difficulty in adequately organizing their business activities (Shell 2018). In response to that the public relation team of the company started handling all the legal matters of the company. Initially they stated on their website regarding the activities initiated by the company and how they are aiming to measure them so as to provide clean and fresh air in the environment. Further the management started studying the shift in climate change and how they can be resolved, according to which they made changes in their regular activities as well. So, in this way the organization managed to change their business activities to satisfy the requirements of the nature (Mas' ud, Manaf, and Saad 2014). Contracting and procurement: The Company signs almost 1 million contracts every year in every part of the country with more than 120,000 suppliers worldwide. Also every country and company has their own rules and regulations to operate in the energy sector. Resulting to which many times it gets difficult for the company work according to terms and conditions of all the contracts as stated. All contracts are quoted at different prices for supply of fundamentally same product in different part of the country. So, in order to resolve such confusions in managerial activities of the company public relation team managed their legal and contractual matters. The team organized the contracts of the company with each country and initiated supply of energy according to terms and condition. This satisfied the requirements of both the contracting parties (Oxford Business Group 2018). Technical Issues: technical issues refer to the issues which are related to the stations of the organization. Around 900 work stations of the company were affected as the employees of the company were unable to understand and handle the technical issues which the company faced. The company publically accepted the fact that they are facing technical glitches with their site system due to which their business activity is getting disturbed (Ismail, et. al., 2013). Due to this reason the motorists and the other customers of the company were unable to fill their tanks resulting to which dissatisfaction was increased under them. The management team of the company Shell adequately managed the issues by issuing the statements in media stating that they are extremely sorry for the inconvenience caused to the people as they were unable to fill their tanks from the products of the company. This issue was caused due to technical issues in their website which has centralized monitoring system (Albert, and Tanee 2017). Further the company also stated it on their website that the old petrol pumps are still providing fuel to people through cash as they are not linked to the centralized system of the company. Further the technical issues were overcome with the help of engineers of the company till then, the public relations team adequately handled the issue in the external environment and reduced the stress level of customers along with employees as well (Malay mail online 2017). Portrayal of image The company Shell has owned and operated their business for more than 100 years which gives the authority to the company to rule in the market and initiate the activities which are fit for the environment. The services of the company are promoted all over the world with an identified image in the market. Talking about portrayal of the image in the market,, it shall be noted that the company has adequately justified with their work due to which such brand image is maintained in the market. The organization never fails to provide adulterated products in the market or issue wrong statements in the media (Dozier, Grunig, and Grunig, 2013). The company always aims to provide true, meaningful and authenticity knowledge to the prospective customers present in the target market. Further the fact shall be noted that positive image can only be portrayed in the market if the employees of the working according to the objectives of the company. So, as the core value of the company suggests that t hey aim for honesty, integrity and respect for people in the market. The organization works accordingly to implement these activities in the organization (Ebegbulem, Ekpe and Adejumo 2013). The company has maintained high standards in the market according to which all the employees initiate their activities. They do not compromise with the quality of the products and services which they provide; nor do they compromise with the safety and environmental standards present in the industry. Thus, due to these reasons high value of the company is maintained in the market. Further the public relation team of the company adequately supports to their motive as well. The team has helped them to sustain their image in the target market. The PR officers monitor the energy efficiency activities implemented by the organization so as to secure the resources from the future; also they check that the products are according to standard value or not (Shell 2018). Also the organization is always open for the problems of the clients, employees and they do not hesitate in listening to their suggestion as well (Denhardt, and Catlaw 2014). Due to presence of transparency in the working culture of the organization, the company has earned fame in the external market. Thus, it shall be noted that the company apply the general business principles along with Shell code of conduct due to which sustainability in the activities is maintained. As the company regularly issues statements about their upcoming projects which make them more connected to the public and subsequently increases the level of satisfaction as well (Mikesell 2016). Medium of communication Medium of communication refers to the channels through which a company interacts with the people worldwide whom they want to attract. Further it shall be noted that communication is an important aspect which helps an organization to interact with the public on a whole. Further advertisement, public relation, online and offline promotion are some types of communication techniques which an organization uses to initiate communication. The company Shell mainly focuses on the public relation techniques to initiate communication with people (Youyi, et. al., 2013). PR activities From the above analysis it shall be noted that communication is an important part of the business. Further the public relation techniques which the company uses in their business process are discussed below: Press Release: press release activities are initiated by the company on a regular basis. As every time when good or bad news comes up with the organization, the first thing which they do is release such true and authentic statements in the market. Apart from that the main focus which the PR team keeps its focus on the core of their information that it shall not be molded nor hampered. Apart from that, the team also manages the information which is to be released in the organization and information which is not. This secures the activities of the company maintains a fixed image as well. The media always manipulates information in own way. They circulate information what they understand is correct, so with respect to that, the managers release information which is fair and cannot be hampered in any way (IPR 2018). Social Media: as all the public relation activities which are implemented in an organization are for free purposes. This is the one of the differences between advertisement and PR. So, social media has now become one of the most essential ways to make public relation which can support the company. With the help of social media the company manages to initiate public relation techniques in the environment. As use of social media lays more impact on people, so the PR team informally circulates the information about the companys activities which they initiate in the market (Foo 2015). This makes the customers to look more closely on the activities of the company. They demonstrate their corporate achievements through video, audios and images on social media platform. Also the customers can easily communicate with the team of Shell through media due to which the team also continuously receives feedbacks and survey results from the customers (Smith 2013). Press Meeting: Press meeting involves the personal interview and announcements with the media members. With the help of press conference the company gets to interact with various personalities present in the industry and keep them interested in the activities of the company. Looking at the corporate social responsibility of the company, the PR team manages conference of the leaders of Shell with various other people connected to the company worldwide. This process centralizes the activities of the company which are currently running worldwide (Spicer 2013). Also media presence is important while holding the conferences so that the public on large basis can become a part of the interaction. Press meetings also improve the cross cultural transactions as well. As the meetings of the company are held on large scale and all other companies and segments become a part of it. So the industry overall becomes more responsible towards their business activities as well (Black 2013). Participation: participation helps an organization in adequately managing their image in the eyes of all prospective people. Participation refer to the process of involving into community activities like charitable events, clubs etc. This gives the advantage to the company to get famous in the target market. Participation of the company Shell in all such charitable events helps them to adequately manage their corporate social responsibilities as well. And it creates a good image of the company also. So, the PR team keeps a record of the events in which the company has to participate (Coombs, and Holladay 2013). Open house tours: open house tours refer to the process providing access to public to come and investigate the plant facilities of the company. Through this process people get to know about the internal infrastructure and the activities which are initiated in the organization Shell. This helps the company to gain the trust of public. With this process people deeply get to know about the process through which the company initiates their business process. These activities are controlled managed and monitored by the public relations practitioners of the company (Kunczik 2016). In my opinion public relation activity is far better than the advertisement process in an organization. Advertisement now a day is very expensive and many times it does not adequately convey the social message as well. Apart from that the public relation activities in an organization looks at all the possible ways through which they maintain communication and apply them to gain the trust of people on a whole. Also being present in oil and gas industry, it is considered very important for the company Shell to gain the trust of customers in the market (Grunig 2013). With respect to that the PR activities adequately support the motive of the organization. PR team of the company also focuses on all major ways with the help of which they can create a brand image of the company in the market. This process is successfully implemented in the Shell Company as well (Davison 2017). Conclusion and Recommendation Thus in the limelight of above mentioned events the fact that shall be noted is that maintaining public relation is one of the most important part of the business process. Management of public relations helps an organization maintain a bond with the employees and stakeholder of the company as well. With the help of public only the organization gains acceptance in target market so it is important for them to maintain adequate relationship. Like in the given case of Shell Petrol Company which is placed in Malaysia as well; the company being present in one of the most threat prone industry safely initiates their business activities. The company maintains a good relationship with the public which promotes them in the market. The PR team of the company supports the environment as well through their activities. Further the organization shall initiate few practices in their process so as to gain more recognition in the market. The recommendations to the company are listed below: In order to effective manage the activities of public relation the officers of Shell Petroleum shall government-ize the message. The company shall announce the news of their upcoming plan with the help of government. This will initiate the customer to pay more focus on the company seriously. Technology is another way with the help of which the company shall initiate good public relations. Apart from that, the practitioners shall ensure that adequate communication is initiated between the public and the company. This will help the people to fully address their needs and issues. Lastly, creativity is another aspect with the help of which the PR team can gain appreciation for the company in the target. Implementation of every activity creatively will improve the satisfaction level of the customer as well. References Adoga, I. and Valverde, R., 2014. An RFID based supply chain inventory management solution for the petroleum development industry: A case study for SHELL Nigeria.Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,62(1), pp.199-203. Albert, E. and Tanee, F.B.G., 2017. A laboratory trial of bioaugmentation for the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in a Niger Delta soil using Oscillatoria bornettia.Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research,1(3), pp.147-159. Andrews, O.T., 2015. The Nigerian State, oil multinationals and the environment: A case study of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC).Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research,7(2), p.24. Black, S., 2013.Practice of public relations. Routledge. Chong, C., Ni, W., Ma, L., Liu, P. and Li, Z., 2015. The use of energy in Malaysia: Tracing energy flows from primary source to end use.Energies,8(4), pp.2828-2866. Coombs, W.T. and Holladay, S.J., 2013.It's not just PR: Public relations in society. John Wiley Sons. Davison, A., 2017. Listening to Prestige British Industrial Films.The Routledge Companion to Screen Music and Sound, p.213. Denhardt, R.B. and Catlaw, T.J., 2014.Theories of public organization. Cengage learning. Dozier, D.M., Grunig, L.A. and Grunig, J.E., 2013.Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Ebegbulem, J.C., Ekpe, D. and Adejumo, T.O., 2013. Oil exploration and poverty in the Niger delta region of Nigeria: A critical analysis.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(3), pp.279-287. Fischer, A.G. ed., 2017.Petroleum and global tectonics. Princeton University Press. Foo, K.Y., 2015. A vision on the opportunities, policies and coping strategies for the energy security and green energy development in Malaysia.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,51, pp.1477-1498. Grunig, J.E. ed., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. IPR., 2018. PR Tools and Techniques. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.ipr.org.uk/pr-tools-and-techniques.html Ismail, Z., Tai, J.C., Kong, K.K., Law, K.H., Shirazi, S.M. and Karim, R., 2013. Using data envelopment analysis in comparing the environmental performance and technical efficiency of selected companies in their global petroleum operations.Measurement,46(9), pp.3401-3413. Ite, A.E., Ibok, U.J., Ite, M.U. and Petters, S.W., 2013. Petroleum exploration and production: past and present environmental issues in the Nigerias Niger Delta.American Journal of Environmental Protection,1(4), pp.78-90. Kunczik, M., 2016.Images of nations and international public relations. Routledge. Malay mail online., 2017. Shell facing technical problems, 900 stations affected. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/shell-confirms-technical-glitch-at-petrol-stations-nationwide#KQA3FK294hUsQ0cK.97 Mas' ud, A., Manaf, N.A.A. and Saad, N., 2014. Comparison of Petroleum Fiscal Regimes within Malaysia.Petroleum Accounting and Financial Management Journal,33(2), p.49. Mikesell, R.F., 2016.Petroleum company operations and agreements in developing countries. Routledge. Oil Gas Journal., 2017. Shell finalizes sale of Malaysian refinery. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-115/issue-1a/general-interest/shell-finalizes-sale-of-malaysian-refinery.html Oxford Business Group., 2018. Malaysia's energy sector sees investment amid challenges. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/flux-sector-faces-challenges-short-term-investment-and-consolidation-are-progress Santiago, A., 2017. 12 Living the Shell core values.Leadership and Change Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, p.96. Shell., 2018. Our Values, Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/about-us/our-values.html Shell., 2018. Overcoming technology challenges. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/energy-and-innovation/overcoming-technology-challenges.html Shell., 2018. Shell and our strategy. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com/investors/shell-and-our-strategy.html Shell., 2018. The Shell Brand. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/about-us/the-shell-brand.html Shell., 2018. Working with communities. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com/sustainability/communities/working-with-communities.html Smith, R.D., 2013.Strategic planning for public relations. Routledge. Spicer, C., 2013.Organizational public relations: A political perspective. Routledge. van Vliet, J.P.M. and Male, P.T., 2017, June. Well, Reservoir and Facility ManagementProcess, Practice and Impact. InSPE Europec featured at 79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Youyi, Z., Qingfeng, H., Guoqing, J., Desheng, M.A. and Zhe, W.A.N.G., 2013. Current development and application of chemical combination flooding technique.Petroleum Exploration and Development,40(1), pp.96-103.

Essay Topics on Drug Addiction - Basic Details You Need to Know

Essay Topics on Drug Addiction - Basic Details You Need to KnowA lot of people think they can easily write their own essay on drug addiction. However, if you want to make it stand out from the rest, you need to know some key elements that make up an effective essay. This is the basis for writing a good one that will grab attention and keep it. Below are a few things to look for.While you may think you can quickly compose an essay on drug addiction topics on the fly, if you have any skills at all in the art of essay writing, then you know that this is no easy task. The reason is because this is a very complex subject, and it's also important to understand that the topic is going to be one of generalization. There will be multiple viewpoints of the subject, and if you have any insight into the topic at all, it will definitely be distorted.Let's back up and look at what it means by generalization. It means that you're trying to give the reader a feeling for the topic, but you're not goi ng to really discuss the details. Instead, you want to grab the reader's attention and encourage them to pick up the pieces, using a vague overview that you want them to learn more about. For example, if you're writing an essay on alcoholism, you don't want to talk about the different reasons for why people drink and what sort of alcohol products they use, because you'd just be teaching them why they drink.However, if you wanted to go into specifics, and discuss how alcoholics get over their addictions, you could give examples from specific examples of people. You wouldn't have to try and generalize to people in general because it would be too vague. It is best to give the essay topics on drug addiction examples that the reader can relate to and build the personalization up through the specific details.Even though you want to focus on the various factors and personalities involved in this essay topic, it's still important to have a general idea of what the people in the essay are go ing to be like so that it makes sense to the reader. This is a large part of the essay, but it's one that are sometimes neglected.One way to remember this is to think about the types of essay topics on drug addiction that you write for your general essay topics. Since we're talking about general topics, the first thing that comes to mind is the word 'conspiracy.' The reason is because, while a conspiracy theory has been established as a valid idea, the term is used for various reasons. For example, some use it to argue that governments do things behind our backs, some use it to argue that certain groups engage in all sorts of nefarious activities, and some use it as a way to just state a belief that there are many forces in the world who do not agree with our government.Here is another factor to consider when writing the essay topics on drug addiction. The reason is that people will respond to the essay topics on drug addiction in very different ways. Some people will read it, laugh , and get a chance to express their opinions, while others will see it and think of it as a challenge and treat it as a homework assignment.With these three points in mind, you should be able to put together a decent essay on essay topics on drug addiction, using the points mentioned above. It takes a bit of time and effort, but it is well worth it.